A Rákosi-korszak
Előzmények:
fordulójára az MKP állandósította a belpolitikai válságot. E feszült helyzetben a belügyi szervek a köztársaság megdöntésére irányuló összeesküvést hoztak nyilvánosságra. Egy jelentéktelen politikai csoportosulás terveit óriásira nagyították, s az &#;összeesküvésben&#; való részvétellel gyanúsították - minden alap nélkül- a Kisgazdapárt számos vezetőjét. Kovács Bélát, a párt főtitkárát a szovjetek letartóztatták, és a Szovjetunióba hurcolták. Nagy Ferenc miniszterelnököt lemondatták; a kormányfő haza sem térhetett svájci útjáról. A Kisgazdapárt felmorzsolódott, helyén több kisebb párt alakult.
Tiltakozásul a jogtiprás ellen több magyar követ lemondott, és elhagyta állomáshelyét. Magyarország hírneve sokat romlott a külföld szemében, de a kezdődő hidegháború körülményei között ez másodrendűnek számított.
augusztusában újra parlamenti választásokat tartottak, amelyeken a kormánykoalíció négy pártja mellett hat ellenzéki párt is indult. A szavazatok 61%-át a koalíció, 39%-át az ellenzék kapta. Az MKP 22%-kal a legerősebb párt lett, de ehhez választási visszaélések, csalások segítették hozzá (->kék cédulák).
őszétől a kommunista párt, Sztálin új
Mátyás Rákosi
Mátyás Rákosi was a Hungarian communist politician who was the de facto leader of Hungary from to He served first as General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party from to and then as General Secretary of the Hungarian Working People's Party from to
Rákosi had been involved in left-wing politics since his youth, and in he was a leading commissar in the short-lived Hungarian Soviet Republic. After the fall of the Communist government, he escaped the country and worked abroad as an agent of the Comintern. He was arrested in after attempting to return to Hungary and organize the Communist Party underground, and would ultimately spend over fifteen years in prison. He became a cause célébre in the international Communist movement, and the predominantly Hungarian Rakosi Battalion of the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War bore his name. Rákosi was finally allowed to leave for the Soviet Union in in exchange for prized battle flags captured by Tsarist Russian forces after the Hungarian Revolution of
Biography: Mátyás Rákosi
Figure 1: Foto: Hungarian Government
One of the “Little Stalins” installed to power in the wake of the Red Army’s march toward Germany during the closing months of World War II, Mátyás Rákosi certainly shared his sponsor’s brutality. Crude in his behavior, a trait he nurtured as a badge of his lower-class status, Rákosi helped fashion Hungary’s Socialist catastrophe. Employing identity politics and “salami tactics” Rákosi slowly sliced away all those opposed to collectivism. Fear, intimidation, and death were considered necessary tools in his effort to build a classless society. From his rise to leadership in to his forced exile in hundreds of thousands of Hungarians were either imprisoned or executed.
Born on March 9, , Mátyás Rákosi’s family was known for political activism. His grandfather participated in the Hungarian Revolution of and his father supported the Party of Independence and ’ Mátyás was the fourth of twelve children. His father, József Rosenfeld, was an unsuccessful merchant and the family struggled financially. Rejecting their Jewish heritage, József changed the family name to Rákosi in Though he was aware
Matyas Rakosi
In , Rákosi was arrested and imprisoned for eight years. This prison term was later made into a life sentence. However, he was released to the Soviet Union in , in exchange for the Hungarian revolutionary banners captured by the Russian troops at Világos in Once back in Moscow, Rákosi was made leader of the Comintern (Communist International).
By the end of the Second World War, Eastern Europe was under the Red Army’s control. Moscow- approved leaders (such as Rákosi, who was a hard-line Stalinist) were imposed on the USSR’s satellite states in Eastern Europe. In Rákosi became General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party. From Rákosi was deputy prime minister, with a spell as acting Prime Minister from February to May
By , Rákosi had disposed of democratic rule. Opposition parties were forced away and intellectuals purged. He used “slice off’ tactics to remove anyone he deemed untrustworthy and “salami tactics” to remove factions that showed any disloyalty towards Moscow.
While he held power, Rákosi used the secret police (the AVO) to hunt out opponents. Historians have estimated that 2, Hungarians were executed and another , sent to prison
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